Heavy metal poisoning (lead/zinc) in parrots
Other names: Lead poisoning، Zinc/galvanization poisoning
Symptoms
- Loss of appetite and weight, regurgitation, diarrhea
- Lethargy, incoordination, weakness, seizures, blindness
- Excessive drinking and urination
- Red urine/blood in the urine (Amazons, conures, eclectus with lead)
How it spreads
Chewing cages/new galvanized wire, cheap metal toys, old paints, curtain weights.
Diagnosis
Blood lead >50 µg/dL is diagnostic (>20 with compatible signs); blood zinc >2 ppm (tubes without rubber stoppers); radiographs (absence of visible metal does not rule it out).
Treatment
Supportive + chelator (CaEDTA then DMSA), seizure sedative, a fiber-rich diet to expel the metal, or endoscopy/surgery.
Prevention
Wash new galvanized wire with vinegar and a brush and let it oxidize before use (common practice), stainless steel toys, do not let the bird chew unsupervised at home.
Treatment and doses are decided by an avian vet after an exam; Zajel does not publish doses.
Other diseases
- Teflon (PTFE) fume toxicity
- Avocado poisoning
- Household food toxins (chocolate/caffeine/salt/alcohol)
- Smoke and nicotine exposure
- Food mold poisoning (aflatoxin)